Contribution of Different Bioclimatic Factors in Spatial Distribution of House Cricket in Tehsil Jaranwala, Punjab Pakistan

Abstract

Although the house cricket (Acheta domesticus), a common Orthopteran species found throughout the world, is considered a pest in urban and agricultural environments, it also plays an important ecological role in nutrient recycling. Since climatic factors have a significant impact on its distribution and abundance, it is a good organism to study how bioclimatic factors affect insect ecology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of temperature, humidity, and rainfall on the spatial distribution of A. domesticus in Jaranwala, Pakistan. Field survey population data and environmental data were integrated, and bioclimatic and geospatial modeling techniques such as BIOCLIM, CLIMEX, and MaxEnt were used for analysis. The results showed that temperature and relative humidity were the most important factors in determining the presence of house crickets, whereas precipitation had a minor but significant impact on habitat suitability and seasonal density. Areas with high cricket occurrence probabilities under current conditions were identified by GIS-based analysis, which also forecasted possible changes in distribution patterns under future climate change. These results highlight how even slight changes in climate can alter insect distributions, with important ramifications for crop productivity, pest management, and biodiversity preservation. Overall, this study highlights the value of combining field observations with bioclimatic models for predictive entomological research and offers baseline ecological insights into house cricket populations in Pakistan. In order to predict the effects of climate variability and develop adaptive strategies for sustainable agriculture and environmental management, such integrative approaches are essential.